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    <html><head></head><body><h2 class="mume-header" id="%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%9A%84%E6%9E%84%E6%88%90%E8%A6%81%E7%B4%A0">&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x7684;&#x6784;&#x6210;&#x8981;&#x7D20;</h2>

    <h3 class="mume-header" id="1-%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E9%93%BE%E8%B7%AF%E4%B8%8E%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E5%AA%92%E4%BB%8B">1. &#x6570;&#x636E;&#x94FE;&#x8DEF;&#x4E0E;&#x901A;&#x4FE1;&#x5A92;&#x4ECB;&#xFF1A;</h3>

    <p>&#x4E3B;&#x8981;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x94FE;&#x8DEF;&#x4EE5;&#x592A;&#x7F51;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x901A;&#x4FE1;&#x7684;&#x5A92;&#x4ECB;&#x6709;&#x540C;&#x8F74;&#x7535;&#x7F06;&#x3001;&#x53CC;&#x7EDE;&#x7EBF;&#x7535;&#x7F06;&#x3001;&#x5149;&#x7EA4;&#x7535;&#x7F06;&#xFF1B;&#x8FD8;&#x6709;&#x65E0;&#x7EBF;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x901A;&#x4FE1;&#x5A92;&#x4ECB;&#x4E3A;&#x7535;&#x78C1;&#x6CE2;&#x3002;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x94FE;&#x8DEF;&#x4E5F;&#x6709;&#x6240;&#x533A;&#x522B;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#xFF1A;<code>WAN</code>&#x662F;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x5916;&#x7F51;&#xFF0C;<code>LAN</code>&#x662F;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x5185;&#x7F51;</p>
    <p>&#x9664;&#x6B64;&#x4E4B;&#x5916;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x94FE;&#x8DEF;&#x8FD8;&#x6709;:<code>ATM</code>&#x3001;<code>FDDI</code>&#x3001;<code>ISDN</code>&#x3001;&#x5E27;&#x4E2D;&#x7EE7;</p>
    <p>&#x53E6;&#x5916;&#x8FD8;&#x6709;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x540D;&#x8BCD;&#xFF1A;<strong>&#x4F20;&#x8F93;&#x901F;&#x7387;</strong>&#x4E0E;<strong>&#x541E;&#x5410;&#x91CF;</strong>&#xFF1A;</p>
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            <p>&#x4F20;&#x8F93;&#x901F;&#x7387;&#x53C8;&#x79F0;&#x5E26;&#x5BBD;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x9AD8;&#x4F4E;&#x6307;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x5355;&#x4F4D;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x5185;&#x4F20;&#x4F20;&#x8F93;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x591A;&#x5C11;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x5E26;&#x5BBD;&#x8D8A;&#x5927;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x4F20;&#x8F93;&#x80FD;&#x529B;&#x5C31;&#x8D8A;&#x5F3A;</p>
        </li>
        <li>
            <p>&#x541E;&#x5410;&#x91CF;&#x4E0D;&#x4EC5;&#x8861;&#x91CF;&#x5E26;&#x5BBD;&#xFF0C;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x8861;&#x91CF;&#x4E3B;&#x673A;&#x7684;<code>CPU</code>&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x80FD;&#x529B;&#x3001;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x7684;&#x62E5;&#x5835;&#x7A0B;&#x5EA6;&#x7B49;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;</p>
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    <h3 class="mume-header" id="2-%E7%BD%91%E5%8D%A1">2. &#x7F51;&#x5361;</h3>

    <p>&#x7F51;&#x5361;&#xFF08;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x63A5;&#x53E3;&#x5361;&#xFF0C;<code>NIC</code>&#xFF09;&#x53C8;&#x79F0;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x9002;&#x914D;&#x5668;&#x3001;<code>LAN</code>&#x5361;&#x3002;</p>
    <p>&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x4E00;&#x53F0;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x673A;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x8981;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7F51;&#x5361;</p>
    <h3 class="mume-header" id="3-%E4%B8%AD%E7%BB%A7%E5%99%A8">3. &#x4E2D;&#x7EE7;&#x5668;</h3>

    <p>&#x4E2D;&#x7EE7;&#x5668;&#x662F;&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#x5728;<strong>&#x7269;&#x7406;&#x5C42;</strong>&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;&#x51CF;&#x5F31;&#x7684;&#x4FE1;&#x53F7;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x653E;&#x5927;&#x548C;&#x53D1;&#x9001;&#x6765;&#x5EF6;&#x957F;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x7684;&#x8BBE;&#x5907;&#x3002;</p>
    <p>&#x5B83;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x901A;&#x4FE1;&#x5A92;&#x4ECB;&#x4E2D;&#x8F6C;&#x6362;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x53EA;&#x8D1F;&#x8D23;&#x4FE1;&#x53F7;<code>0</code>/<code>1</code>&#x7684;&#x8F6C;&#x6362;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x4F7F;&#x5728;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x94FE;&#x8DEF;&#x5C42;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#xFF0C;&#x4E2D;&#x7EE7;&#x5668;&#x4ECD;&#x7136;&#x8F6C;&#x53D1;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x8D1F;&#x8D23;&#x5224;&#x65AD;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6709;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;</p>
    <h3 class="mume-header" id="4-%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A52%E5%B1%82%E4%BA%A4%E6%8D%A2%E6%9C%BA">4. &#x7F51;&#x6865;/2&#x5C42;&#x4EA4;&#x6362;&#x673A;</h3>

    <p>&#x7F51;&#x6865;&#x662F;&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#x5728;<code>OSI</code>&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x7B2C;&#x4E8C;&#x5C42;&#x2014;&#x2014;<strong>&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x94FE;&#x8DEF;&#x5C42;</strong>&#x4E0A;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x662F;&#x6839;&#x636E;<strong>&#x7269;&#x7406;&#x5730;&#x5740;</strong>&#xFF08;<code>MAC</code>&#xFF09;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x7684;&#x8BBE;&#x5907;&#x3002;</p>
    <p>&#x5B83;&#x80FD;&#x591F;<strong>&#x8BC6;&#x522B;&#x548C;&#x5B58;&#x50A8;</strong>&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x94FE;&#x8DEF;&#x5C42;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E27;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x5C06;&#x5176;&#x8F6C;&#x53D1;&#x7ED9;&#x53E6;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7F51;&#x6BB5;&#xFF1B;&#x7F51;&#x6865;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E27;&#x4E0A;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7528;&#x4EE5;&#x68C0;&#x9A8C;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6B63;&#x786E;&#x5230;&#x8FBE;&#x76EE;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x4F4D;<code>FCS</code>&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x90A3;&#x4E9B;&#x635F;&#x574F;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x4E22;&#x5F03;&#x3002;</p>
    <p>&#x53E6;&#x5916;&#x8FD8;&#x6709;&#x81EA;&#x5B66;&#x5F0F;&#x7F51;&#x6865;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x5C06;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x8F6C;&#x53D1;&#x8FC7;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E27;&#x7684;<code>MAC</code>&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x5230;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7684;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x8868;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x7531;&#x6B64;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5224;&#x65AD;&#x54EA;&#x4E2A;&#x7F51;&#x6BB5;&#x6301;&#x6709;&#x54EA;&#x7C7B;<code>MAC</code>&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x7684;&#x8BBE;&#x5907;</p>
    <p><strong>&#x4E3B;&#x8981;&#x5E94;&#x7528;</strong>&#xFF1A;&#x4EA4;&#x6362;&#x96C6;&#x7EBF;&#x5668;&#xFF08;&#x4EA4;&#x6362;&#x673A;&#xFF0C;<code>Hub</code>&#xFF09;&#x5C5E;&#x4E8E;&#x7F51;&#x6865;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#xFF0C;&#x80FD;&#x591F;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x7535;&#x7F06;&#x6BCF;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#x901A;&#x5411;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5185;&#x90E8;&#x603B;&#x7EBF;&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#x90FD;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x7F51;&#x6865;&#x7684;&#x529F;&#x80FD;</p>
    <h3 class="mume-header" id="5-%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1%E5%99%A83%E5%B1%82%E4%BA%A4%E6%8D%A2%E6%9C%BA">5. &#x8DEF;&#x7531;&#x5668;/3&#x5C42;&#x4EA4;&#x6362;&#x673A;</h3>

    <p>&#x8DEF;&#x7531;&#x5668;&#x662F;&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#x5728;<code>OSI</code>&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x7B2C;&#x4E09;&#x5C42;&#x2014;&#x2014;<strong>&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x5C42;</strong>&#x4E0A;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x6839;&#x636E;<strong>IP&#x5730;&#x5740;</strong>&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x7684;&#x8BBE;&#x5907;&#x3002;</p>
    <p>&#x4E3B;&#x8981;&#x7684;&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#x6709;&#xFF1A;</p>
    <ul>
        <li>
            <p>&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x94FE;&#x8DEF;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x4EE5;&#x592A;&#x7F51;&#x548C;&#x65E0;&#x7EBF;</p>
        </li>
        <li>
            <p>&#x5206;&#x62C5;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x8D1F;&#x8377;</p>
        </li>
        <li>
            <p>&#x4E00;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x529F;&#x80FD;</p>
        </li>
    </ul>
    <h3 class="mume-header" id="6-%E8%B4%9F%E8%BD%BD%E5%9D%87%E8%A1%A1%E5%99%A84~7%E5%B1%82%E4%BA%A4%E6%8D%A2%E6%9C%BA">6. &#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x5668;/4~7&#x5C42;&#x4EA4;&#x6362;&#x673A;</h3>

    <p>&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x5668;&#x662F;&#x5904;&#x7406;<code>OSI</code>&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x4E2D;&#x4EE5;<code>TCP</code>&#x534F;&#x8BAE;&#x7684;<strong>&#x4F20;&#x8F93;&#x5C42;&#x53CA;&#x5176;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x5C42;</strong>0&#x4E3A;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#xFF0C;&#x5206;&#x6790;&#x6536;&#x53D1;&#x6570;&#x636E;</p>
    <p><strong>&#x4E3B;&#x8981;&#x5E94;&#x7528;</strong>&#xFF1A;&#x5728;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x524D;&#x7AEF;&#x52A0;&#x4E0A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x80FD;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;<code>URL</code>&#x5C06;&#x524D;&#x7AEF;&#x7684;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x5206;&#x53D1;&#x5230;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x7684;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x8FBE;&#x5230;&#x5411;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x5206;&#x6563;&#x538B;&#x529B;&#x7684;&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#x3002;</p>
    <h3 class="mume-header" id="7-%E7%BD%91%E5%85%B3">7. &#x7F51;&#x5173;&#xFF1A;</h3>

    <p>&#x7F51;&#x5173;&#x662F;<code>OSI</code>&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x4E2D;&#x8D1F;&#x8D23;&#x5C06;<strong>&#x4ECE;&#x4F20;&#x8F93;&#x5C42;&#x5230;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x5C42;</strong>&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8F6C;&#x6362;&#x548C;&#x8F6C;&#x53D1;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x8FD8;&#x80FD;&#x591F;<strong>&#x5728;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x901A;&#x4FE1;&#x7684;&#x534F;&#x8BAE;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x7FFB;&#x8BD1;</strong>&#x7684;&#x8BBE;&#x5907;&#x3002;</p>
    <p>&#x4E3B;&#x8981;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x6709;&#x4E92;&#x8054;&#x7F51;&#x90AE;&#x4EF6;&#x4E0E;&#x624B;&#x673A;&#x90AE;&#x4EF6;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x8F6C;&#x6362;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#xFF1B;&#x8FD8;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#xFF08;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x7F51;&#x5173;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x6709;&#x4E86;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x4E0E;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x65E0;&#x9700;&#x5728;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x5C42;&#x4E0A;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x901A;&#x4FE1;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x662F;&#x4ECE;&#x4F20;&#x8F93;&#x5C42;&#x5230;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x5C42;&#x5BF9;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x548C;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5404;&#x79CD;&#x63A7;&#x5236;&#x548C;&#x5904;&#x7406;</p>
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